Toyota’s decision to launch a second-generation Mirai hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle was met with some surprise, given that the technology never enjoyed strong sales. However, two years down the road, the automaker is reevaluating its approach. During the Japan Mobility Show, Toyota’s Chief Technology Officer, Hiroki Nakajima, revealed that the Mirai’s sales performance has been lackluster due to challenges in realizing hydrogen refueling stations.
According to Nakajima, it has been “difficult to realize” a robust network of hydrogen fueling stations, a crucial element for the success of hydrogen-powered passenger cars. Currently, there are only 57 hydrogen refueling locations in the United States, all of which are situated in California, according to the US Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center.
Recognizing these limitations, Toyota is pivoting its hydrogen technology development towards commercial vehicles. Nakajima noted that hydrogen fuel cells are better suited for vehicles with specific travel patterns, such as commercial fleets that primarily travel between two fixed locations. The predictability of their routes and refueling needs makes it easier to establish stable refueling infrastructure.
Toyota’s partnership with Isuzu, announced earlier this month, exemplifies this strategic shift. The two automakers plan to collaborate on the development of light hydrogen fuel-cell trucks tailored for the commercial vehicle segment.
While the first-generation Mirai struggled to reach 2,000 sales, the second-generation model has consistently surpassed that milestone every year since 2021. Although sales dipped in 2022 to just over 2,000 units, they have rebounded in 2023. Toyota reported selling 2,604 Mirai sedans through September 2023, marking an increase of over 80 percent compared to the same period in 2022.
However, not all automakers are ready to abandon hydrogen-powered passenger cars. Honda recently unveiled a fuel cell-based crossover, based on the CR-V, set to launch in the United States and Japan next year. Yet, the limited number of hydrogen fueling stations may restrict its availability and sales, much like the challenges faced by the Mirai.
Toyota’s strategic shift underscores the growing focus on hydrogen technology in the context of commercial vehicles, as automakers aim to address the unique needs and limitations of the passenger car market.
