A prototype satellite, BlueWalker 3, launched by AST SpaceMobile in September 2022, has become one of the brightest objects in the night sky. Observations have revealed that at times, it outshines all but a few stars and planets visible from Earth. This development raises concerns among astronomers about the growing presence of private space ventures in low-Earth orbit and their potential impact on the night sky and astronomical research.
Key Details:
- BlueWalker 3 is equipped with a large antenna array measuring nearly 700 square feet, making it one of the largest commercial satellites in low-Earth orbit.
- The satellite’s brightness fluctuates based on its position relative to the sun and the viewing angle, making it highly visible in the night sky at times.
- Researchers from the International Astronomical Union’s Center for the Protection of the Dark and Quiet Sky from Satellite Constellation Interference (CPS) conducted a 130-day observation campaign to track BlueWalker 3.
- Observations were made from various locations worldwide, including Chile, the US, Mexico, New Zealand, the Netherlands, and Morocco.
- The study highlights the trend toward larger and brighter commercial satellites, which could disrupt scientific observations if not minimized.
- AST SpaceMobile plans to deploy approximately 100 cellular broadband satellites based on the BlueWalker 3 design.
- Companies like SpaceX, with its Starlink satellite constellation, have faced criticism for potential light pollution and interference with astronomical research.
- Astronomers are concerned about the impact of these satellites on visibility and radio astronomy, with some studies suggesting unintended electromagnetic radiation leakage from commercial satellites.
